Drinking or portable water Petrol or gasoline (and other fuels including diesel) Antibiotics Electricity generation (from fossil fuels) Vaccines Plastics Fertilizer Sanitation Electricity generation (from non-fossil fuels) Dosed medications (such as tablets, pills and capsules) Notable chemical engineering inventions that didn’t make the top 10 include biofuels (11th), contraceptives (12th), batteries (13th), the catalytic converter (14th), adhesives (28th), pneumatic tyres (39th) and photographic film (41st). Reference: http://www.processingmagazine.com/processing-e-news/chemical-industry-update/chemical-engineers-select-top-10-inventions-of-modern-era/